A manufacturer of vacuum circuit breakers has added vacuum brazing capability for producing electrical power components utilized in modern power distribution systems. The thermal processing technology joins metal parts used in vacuum interrupters, helping ensure consistent performance in circuit breakers used across industrial and utility power networks.
Image Credit: SECO/WARWICKMaciej Korecki Vice President of Vacuum Business Segment SECO/WARWICK
The manufacturer, based in China and specializing in multiple types of vacuum circuit breakers, ordered two vacuum furnaces from SECO/WARWICK, a global manufacturer of industrial heat treatment equipment with operations in North America. The client has previously installed multiple systems from SECO/WARWICK. “We have [clients] who operate more than a dozen of our systems,” said Maciej Korecki, vice president of the Vacuum Furnace Segment at SECO/WARWICK Group.
The furnaces will be used primarily for vacuum brazing and related thermal processing of interrupter assemblies and other circuit breaker components that require strict control of mechanical strength, hermetic sealing, and dimensional stability.
The systems use a pumping configuration with a turbomolecular pump designed to achieve ultra-high vacuum conditions. High temperature uniformity and rapid heating — enabled by seven control zones, including a central heating element — allow for consistent processing of loads. The furnaces are also equipped with a horizontal gas-cooling system and an external cooling unit.
As a critical component in circuit breakers, vacuum interrupters play a key role in safely interrupting electrical current during switching operations. The addition of vacuum brazing capability and controlled vacuum furnace processing allows the manufacturer to produce the sealed assemblies required for reliable performance in power distribution equipment.
Press release is available in its original form here.
Metco Industries has added a new seven-zone continuous belt sintering furnace to improve process control and consistency in the production of powdered metal components. The installation supports tighter thermal processing parameters and enhanced monitoring capabilities, helping ensure repeatable results for parts used across industrial manufacturing applications.
Continuous belt furnace installed at Metco Industries incorporating fully digital atmosphere control technology developed in-house at Abbott Furnace Company | Image Credit: Abbott Furnace CompanyParts entering the sintering furnace | Image Credit: Abbott Furnace Company
The furnace was engineered and manufactured by Abbott Furnace Company, incorporating fully digital atmosphere control technology developed in-house. Digital flow control, advanced monitoring, and data-driven diagnostics allow operators at Metco to track furnace performance in real time and adjust sintering conditions as needed.
The technology is designed to improve repeatability and provide greater visibility into furnace operations. These capabilities allow manufacturers to optimize thermal processing conditions and maintain more consistent production outcomes.
Press release is available in its original form here. Main image shows the full seven-zone continuous belt furnace installed at Metco Industries. Image Credit: Abbott Furnace Company
In this installment of Answers in the Atmosphere, David (Dave) Wolff, an independent expert focusing on industrial atmospheres for heat treat applications, highlights the practical value of smartphone apps designed for industrial gas calculations and conversions.
This informative piece on mobile tools that simplify gas property calculations, unit conversions, and storage or flow-rate estimations — drawing attention to apps developed by major gas suppliers and equipment providers that help heat treaters access critical data in the field —was first released in Heat Treat Today’sJanuary 2026 Annual Technologies to Watch print edition.
The field of industrial gases is complicated by the fact that the physical characteristics of gases depend on the temperature and pressure at the time of measurement. Industrial gases may be delivered and stored as cryogenic liquids and highly pressurized gases, though they are generally used in relatively low-pressure gaseous form. Additionally, gases may be used for different purposes; for example, hydrogen may be used as a metallurgical atmosphere or as a burner fuel. As such, users need a ready source of data on various industrial gases to make necessary calculations.
Image Credit: Open Library/Internet Archive
Years ago, industrial gas users had to rely on data tables in publications like the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics — the nearly 8 lb, $195 hardbound handbook that has been published continuously since 1914 and is currently on its 106th edition.
Today, there are many more mobile solutions in the form of smartphone applications. Several of the major gas providers have developed handy apps available for both Apple and Android operating systems to simplify gas conversions and calculations. Equipment providers have also developed apps to help understand the specifics of their equipment. All of these can be helpful to metals thermal processors, including heat treaters at in-house processing operations.
Some examples follow:
Air ProductsandLinde both provide powerful conversion engines that enable users to convert from imperial to metric units, from mass to volume measurements, and from liquid to gaseous volumes for common industrial gases. For example, users can calculate how many hours of atmosphere coverage 6,000 gallons of liquid hydrogen stored in a tank will provide.
Cyl-Tec, Inc. has developed an app that focuses on calculations primarily specific to cryogenic and pressurized gas storage. In addition to unit of measure conversions for each common industrial gas, the app provides detailed information on each of the storage vessels that the company makes.
WITT-Gasetechnik of Germany has developed an app to support their gas safety and controls business. Their products include gas mixers, gas analyzers, regulators, and other controls. The app provides a variety of gas blending and measurement information, including welding gas blend suggestions, unit conversion, and flow rate calculators.
Gasmet of Finland has developed an app that simplifies calculation of dewpoint and combustion products depending on the fuel being combusted.
While these suppliers hope that you will buy their products, be assured that the measurements and conversions performed with their tools, and the recommendations generated, will be equally applicable to products and systems supplied by others.
I suggest you create a folder called “calculations and conversions” on your smartphone and load it up with several of these apps while you are connected to your home or office internet, so that you will have the apps handy when you are away from your standard technical resources.
About The Author:
David (Dave) Wolff Industrial Gas Professional Wolff Engineering
Dave Wolff has over 40 years of project engineering, industrial gas generation and application engineering, marketing, and sales experience. Dave holds a degree in engineering science from Dartmouth College. Currently, he consults in the areas of industrial gas and chemical new product development and commercial introduction, as well as market development and selling practices.
Heat Treat Today has gathered the four heat treat industry-specific economic indicators for March 2026. The March results show continued stability compared to the February 2026 predictions.
March’s data indicates anticipated continued growth across the heat treat industry, as all four indices remain above the growth threshold. Inquiries are projected to stay strong at 63.9 (from 67.5 in February). Bookings are expected to hold in healthy expansion territory at 57.5 (from 58.2 in February). The Backlog index continues to forecast growth at 55.5 (up from 52.5 in February). Finally, the Health of the Manufacturing Economy index growth expectations remain constant at 58.0 (up from 57.9 in February).
March’s indicators show suppliers anticipating steady demand from heat treaters in the month ahead. With all four metrics projected to remain comfortably in growth territory, the outlook points to continued activity from shops supporting aerospace, automotive, energy, and general manufacturing markets as we move further into the spring production cycle.
The results from this month’s survey (March) are as follows: numbers above 50 indicate growth, numbers below 50 indicate contraction, and the number 50 indicates no change:
Anticipated change in Number of Inquiries from February to March: 63.9
Anticipated change in Value of Bookings from February to March: 57.5
Anticipated change in Size of Backlog from February to March: 55.5
Anticipated change in Health of the Manufacturing Economy from February to March: 58.0
Data for March 2026
The four index numbers are reported monthly by Heat Treat Today and made available on the website.
Heat TreatToday’sEconomic Indicatorsmeasure and report on four heat treat industry indices. Each month, approximately 800 individuals who classify themselves as suppliers to the North American heat treat industry receive the survey. Above are the results. Data collection began in June 2023. If you would like to participate in the monthly survey, please click here to subscribe.
When a load hangs up during quenching, seconds matter and improvised decisions can escalate risk. In this Technical Tuesday installment, Bruno Scomazzon, general manager of Precision Heat Treat Ltd., outlines a step-by-step emergency response procedure for exactly this scenario, which is one of the most dangerous in atmosphere heat treating. Drawing on real-world experience, this guide is intended to help companies develop their own effective procedures for maintaining safety, controlling furnace conditions, and coordinating with emergency responders in high-risk situations.
This informative piece was first released in Heat Treat Today’sFebruary 2026 Annual Air & Atmosphere Heat Treating print edition.
If you have comments or questions about this article, please let us know at: editor@heattreattoday.com
A load has been transferred to the quench and the elevator is lowering into the oil, but the load becomes hung up and fails to fully submerge. The inner door successfully closes, and the outer (front) door remains closed.
This is an extremely high-risk situation requiring strict adherence to emergency procedures. The goal is to protect: first the personnel (minimize the chance of injury or escalation of the situation), then the facility, and finally the equipment.
1. Immediate Actions
DO NOT Open Outer Door
There may be a natural urge to assess the situation but resist temptation. DO NOT stand in front of or directly beside the outer door and never open it during an active hang-up. Opening this door can introduce oxygen to a hot chamber, causing:
Explosions or flash fires.
Loss of containment due to door warping or mechanical failure.
In extreme cases, the outer door may be compromised (blown off, stuck open, or partially open) with visible flames. This warrants immediate escalation to the fire department.
If Outer Door Cannot Be Closed
In this scenario, immediately notify the fire department and advise them to prepare for a foam response. DO NOT allow the use of water. This may trigger violent reactions with oil or atmosphere and spread the fire!
Internal trained responders should:
Don PPE.
Retrieve fire suppression gear.
Be ready to protect critical systems until responders arrive.
DO NOT shut down the furnace.
Figure 1. Atmosphere furnace during normal operation | Image Credit: Precision Heat Treat Ltd.Figure 2. Vestibule door partially opened during a controlled simulation to illustrate gas release behavior — not an actual incident | Image Credit: Precision Heat Treat Ltd.
2. Maintain Electrical Power
To ensure essential systems stay active, you must maintain electrical power. Ensure these systems stay active:
Set the furnace cycle to manual mode from auto mode. This will bypass any PLC sequencing from auto cycling doors, elevators, and handlers.
Keep the pilots lit.
Keep the oil cooler running to prevent tank overheating.
Shut off oil heaters to prevent additional heat loading in the quench tank.
Keep quench agitation on low during the entire period to assist in lowering the temperature at the interface surface area between the hot load and the oil. This prevents stratification and dissipates radiant heat into the oil.
Keep the recirculating fan running.
Keep the instrumentation functioning for monitoring.
NOTE: Loss of these systems eliminates visibility, atmosphere control, and safe response options.
3. Atmosphere Management
Maintain a protective atmosphere and positive furnace pressure to prevent oxygen ingress and uncontrolled combustion:
Set the carbon control to “0”.
Shut off the enriching gas.
Shut off the ammonia.
Shut off the dilution air.
Nitrogen Purge
These steps depend on whether a nitrogen purge is available; it is highly advised that nitrogen purge be available for all IQ or straight through units. Be sure you understand how long it takes for your specific furnace to fully purge endothermic gas. While NFPA 86 recommends five volume turnovers, some experts advise planning for up to ten per hour in an emergency. Each furnace should have established purge data under normal conditions so operators can act with confidence when time is critical.
Figure 3. Bulk nitrogen supply used for emergency purging and atmosphere control | Image Credit: Precision Heat Treat Ltd.
Begin a nitrogen purge immediately (if available) and maintain it throughout the event.
Use at least the minimum flow rate specified in your documentation. If safe, higher flow may be used to help displace flammable gases from the heating and quench chambers.
Maintain furnace temperature at 1500°F during the purge.
Residual pockets of Endo gas may remain trapped in less ventilated areas. If the chamber temperature drops below the ignition point before all flammable gas has been displaced, the introduction of oxygen could trigger an explosion. In some cases, trapped Endo and pressure imbalances can lead to sudden releases (“furnace burp”), where oil or gas is expelled due to internal pressure buildup.
After the Purge
The goal of the nitrogen purge is to displace Endothermic gas with an inert atmosphere while maintaining elevated temperature to assist in burning off residual flammable gases and preventing dangerous mixtures. This process must ensure positive pressure throughout the furnace.
A purge followed by plunge cooling in nitrogen is a valid approach if the purge is verifiably complete.
Depending on furnace size and cooling rate:
Larger furnaces may cool slowly enough for a complete purge.
Smaller or faster-cooling units may require a brief temperature hold before controlled cooling or plunge cooling.
NOTE: Once the hung-up load cools to a safe temperature (~150°F), perform a standard shutdown.
Without Nitrogen (in Endo)
If there is no nitrogen purge, or it is insufficient, the only option is to let the hung-up load cool in the vestibule while continuing to burn Endo and maintain the furnace temperature at 1500°F. Once the vestibule/oil tank cools below 150°F and the danger has passed, initiate a standard furnace shutdown.
4. Safety Management
Alert the local fire department immediately. If the situation becomes unmanageable, or if there is any doubt about the ability to maintain control, evacuate the facility and wait for trained professionals. The safety of plant personnel is paramount.
Notify plant safety and site management.
Evacuate all non-essential personnel from the heat treat area.
Inform all departments that a high-risk incident is in progress.
Fire departments are most effective when they are familiar with your facility before an emergency occurs. Make sure they know the layout of your operation, including:
Oil tank locations and sizes
Electrical panels
Gas shutoffs
Hot zones
5. Controlled Cooling Period
Maintain atmosphere protection throughout the event.
DO NOT open doors until the vestibule’s temperature is low and stable.
Cooling time will depend on load mass and heat retention. Expect five or more hours.
Use furnace pressure stability, effluent observations, and gas behavior as indirect temperature indicators.
6. Load Recovery Procedure
Once cooled and stabilized, perform a standard shutdown, starting with the removal of endothermic gas if applicable.
DO NOT attempt manual load removal until the system is verified safe.
Only maintenance personnel may retrieve the load, using PPE and appropriate tools.
7. Fire Department Familiarization
Every facility should build rapport with the local fire department before an emergency ever happens. Schedule annual walkthroughs and identify the following:
Number of furnaces
Quench oil tank volumes
Hot zone and live panel locations
Emergency shutoff points
Stuck doors are commonly caused by failed pneumatic valves. Shutting off and bleeding compressed air may allow the mechanism to reset. Always consult your equipment manual or the manufacturer before attempting corrective action.
The fire inspector conducting walkthroughs is not the one coming to fight your fires — train the ones who are.
8. Post-Incident Protocol
Before returning the furnace to service:
Conduct a formal investigation.
Identify and correct root cause(s).
Document all key parameters and actions taken.
Re-train operators as needed.
Furnace Signage
An operator is likely to read your safety plan but may forget a vital protocol during an emergency. Having bold, brightly colored warnings printed and posted at the panel that the operator can remove and use in an emergency can be invaluable.
Final Reflections
We cannot predict every consequence. No procedure can account for every possible variable in a live emergency. Once an event is in motion, all we can do is respond with the best judgment, training, and intentions — always with the safety of people as the highest priority.
This document is intended as a working reference: a structured reference developed with care, real-world experience, and best practices. It is not a one-size-fits-all solution, but a tool to help teams create or enhance their own effective procedures and respond adaptively in high-risk situations.
Fire preparedness is essential in every heat treating facility. Fires happen, and they are not always small. It is critical to know when to act, when to evacuate, and when to call for help. Equipment manuals provide a foundation, but preparedness through training and planning is the best defense.
Acknowledgments: The author would like to thank Daniel H. Herring, “The Heat Treat Doctor,” The HERRING GROUP, Inc., and Avery Bell with Service Heat Treat in Milwaukee for their valuable input.
About The Author:
Bruno Scomazzon General Manager Precision Heat Treat Ltd.
Bruno Scomazzon is the general manager of Precision Heat Treat Ltd. in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada, with over 40 years of experience in metallurgical processes and heat treating operations.
A specialized U.S. government manufacturing facility will install a custom thermal processing system to support expanded high-temperature operations. The new box furnace will enable the facility to scale a previously validated thermal process, increasing capacity while meeting strict spatial and operational constraints within the plant environment. The system is designed to support demanding thermal applications required in government manufacturing.
Image Credit: Gasbarre Thermal Processing Systems
The project involves installing a custom-engineered box furnace and loading system designed to meet the facility’s layout and process requirements. The direct-fired furnace will operate in an air atmosphere with a maximum temperature of 2100°F and represents the largest configuration that can be accommodated within the available footprint. The system supports a specialized high-temperature thermal operation that had previously been proven at a smaller scale and is now being expanded to meet increased production demands.
Patrick Weymer Business Development Manager Gasbarre Thermal Processing Systems
The thermal processing system is being supplied by Gasbarre Thermal Processing Systems, which worked with the client to engineer a design that meets strict space, access, and installation limitations that had previously restricted equipment options. Rather than modifying a standard design, the furnace was developed specifically for the application to ensure compatibility with the facility’s constraints and processing requirements.
The project progressed under a tight timeline, with Gasbarre working closely with the client from the initial inquiry through final authorization. According to Patrick Weymer, business development manager for Gasbarre, “some applications don’t allow for compromise, whether due to space, schedule, or process requirements.” He added that certain applications require custom-engineered solutions when standard equipment won’t work.
Press release is available in its original form here.
Bodycote has installed a new treatment vessel at its Mooresville, North Carolina facility, expanding its capability to process larger stainless steel components and broadening surface hardening capabilities for manufacturers in North America.
The new treatment vessel can accommodate components up to 79 inches (2 meters) in length and 47 inches (1.2 meters) in width, enabling the surface hardening of larger and heavier stainless steel parts than previously possible in North America for industries such as oil and gas, food and beverage, and medical technology.
Temitope Oluwafemi S³P Technical Manager in North America Bodycote
The installation supports a low-temperature diffusion hardening process that increases the surface hardness of stainless steel components while maintaining the corrosion resistance. This capability is part of Bodycote’s ADM® stainless steel treatment offering now available in North America. The process can treat austenitic, duplex, and martensitic stainless steels, including alloys commonly used in load-bearing and high-strength applications.
Reflecting this demand, Temitope Oluwafemi, Bodycote’s S³P technical manager in North America, said, “Demand is growing for stainless steel components that can deliver longer service life in harsh operating environments and to demanding standards, without introducing the risks associated with coatings. Bringing ADM capability to the U.S. allows us to support [clients] locally, reduce lead times, and expand what’s possible for larger stainless steel components across multiple industries.”
Press release is available in its original form here. The main image shows the microstructure of surface hardened stainless steel AIS1660 (1.4980) | Image Credit: Bodycote
Advanced Heat Treat Corp. (AHT) has expanded induction hardening and gas nitriding capacity at its Cullman, Alabama facility, increasing throughput and enabling the processing of larger and more complex parts for manufacturers. The investment supports growing demand for surface hardening technologies used to improve wear resistance, fatigue strength, and durability across industrial applications.
Tim Garner Plant Manager Advanced Heat Treat Corp. (AHT)
The expansion includes two additional systems: a larger induction hardening unit capable of processing parts up to 60 inches in diameter and an additional gas nitriding unit to support high-volume nitriding programs while maintaining quick lead times and consistent processing quality. Earlier systems primarily handled cylindrical components such as shafts, gears, and pins. The new system can now accommodate more complex geometries, broadening the range of parts the plan can process.
“These investments allow us to scale with our [clients],” said Tim Garner, plant manager at AHT. “We are well-positioned to handle a wide range of part sizes, geometries, and production volumes without compromising turnaround times.”
Press release is available in its original form here. Main image shows AHT employees standing in front of the new induction hardening unit in Cullman, Alabama. Image Credit: Advanced Heat Treat Corp. (AHT)
